RETIC-BOX , Publisher
and Library-Part 7-, The 7th part of the total 15 parts- Dimana dan Bagaimana sarana Jalanan
Membahayakan Mamalia di Hutan Asia
Tenggara ?
From : RETIC-BOX ,
Publisher and Library
Present
Part 6
The 7th part of the total 15 parts
The Journal :
Dimana dan Bagaimana sarana Jalanan Membahayakan Mamalia di Hutan Asia Tenggara ?
...................................................
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: Dimana dan Bagaimana sarana Jalanan Membahayakan Mamalia di Hutan Asia Tenggara ?
,Dimana,Bagaimana ,sarana,Jalanan,
Membahayakan,Mamalia,di Hutan,Asia Tenggara,
biodiversity,habitat,lingkungan,komunitas,ekosistim,indonesia,vegetasi,hayati,satwa,
wildlife,hewan,binatang,keaneka
ragaman,konservasi,hutan,tropis,langka,in situ,ek situ,semarang,
komunitas
reptil, komunitas satwa, hewan,tanaman,retic box, biodiversity,habitat,lingkungan,komunitas,ekosistim,indonesia,vegetasi,hayati,satwa,
wildlife,hewan,binatang,keaneka
ragaman,konservasi,hutan,tropis,langka,in situ,ek situ,semarang
,komunitas
reptil,komunitas satwa,hewan,tanaman,retic box,t-rec,kse,komunitas satwa
eksotik,
tugumuda reptiles community,komunitas tugumuda, komunitas reptil
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The 7th
part of the total 15 parts
The 7th
part of the total 15 parts
Source
PMCID: PMC4270763
................................................................
10 cara untuk mengurangi dampak dari pembangunan jalan
menyarankan 10 langkah-langkah untuk meminimalkan dampak negatif dari
pembangunan jalan di dalam
dan sekitar habitat mamalia terancam di wilayah tersebut.
(1) Memelihara dan meningkatkan konektivitas hutan di kedua
sisi jalan yang ada Integrasi pilihan infrastruktur hijau (misalnya, underpass,
jalan layang, tanda-tanda jalan dan gorong-gorong) ke
dalam desain jalan yang
diusulkan, bersama dengan menggabungkan langkah-langkah untuk mengevaluasi
efisiensi penggunaan yang mungkin bermanfaat bagi pergerakan mamalia melalui
habitat yang terpecah-pecah . Di Kamboja, pelestarian hutan di kedua sisi Jalan
Provinsi 48 dan 76 disorot sebagai strategi kunci untuk memastikan penyebaran spesies arboreal
seperti Yellow-cheeked Crested Gibbon (Nomascus
gabriellae).
(2) Meningkatkan upaya penegakan sepanjang jalan yang ada yang melalui spesies habitat yang terancam
punah
Penelitian
kami telah menunjukkan lokasi di sepanjang rute perdagangan di Myanmar di mana
usaha tambahan penegakan hukum sangat diperlukan (Gambar 8). Di tempat lain di
kawasan itu, kebutuhan
untuk meningkatkan upaya penegakan sepanjang jalan untuk
mencegah perburuan liar telah diakui di beberapa negara. Seiring federal Route
4 di Semenanjung Malaysia (S1 Tabel;. Gambar 1), lembaga penegak pemerintah
meningkatkan upaya penegakan setelah patroli World Wide Fund for Nature patroli
(WWF) -Malaysia terdeteksi sejumlah besar jerat sepanjang hutan pinggir jalan
(A. Zhafir, pers. comm.).
Di Lao PDR, staf kawasan lindung menyalahkan jalan
yang pada umumnya meningkatkan perburuan
oleh penduduk setempat, orang asing dan kru konstruksi jalan .
Dengan demikian, titik pemeriksaan jalan sepanjang Route 1C, yang membagi
dua Nam Et-Phou Louey National Biodiversity Conservation Area, telah
direkomendasikan oleh Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) sebagai ukuran
penting untuk mengekang perburuan harimau dan perdagangan gelap spesies
mangsa
dari kawasan konservasi inti harimau . strategi
penegakan hukum hutan provinsi juga mengidentifikasi menutup jalan ilegal
sebagai tindakan yang diperlukan untuk mengurangi perambahan
hutan dan
penebangan kayu ilegal .
The 7th part of the total 15 parts
Part 1 :
Part 2 :
http://reticboxlibrary.blogspot.com/2016/09/retic-box-publisher-and-library-part-2.html
Part 3 :
Part 4 :
part 5 :
part 6 :
............................
Figure 8
Map
of road networks in Myanmar functioning as conduits for the illegal wildlife
trade to border towns (circles) in neighbouring countries.
Figure 1
Habitat-suitability map for the endangered Asian Tapir
(Tapirus indicus) generated by
Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modelling.
Three roads identified by experts in
Peninsular Malaysia seem to cut through important habitats
(pixels with
logistic value ≥0.45) for this species: (A) Federal Route; (B) Federal Route 8;
and
(C) State Route T156.
S1 Table
Summary of 16
existing roads contributing to forest conversion of mammal habitats and
hunting
of endangered mammals according to 36 experts from seven countries in Southeast
Asia
(number of experts who responded/number of experts contacted).
Table S1. Summary of 16 existing roads
contributing to forest conversion of mammal habitats and hunting of endangered
mammals according to 36 experts from each country (number of experts who
responded/number of experts contacted) in Southeast Asia.
Country
|
Existing road
(network)
|
Threatened
endangered mammal habitats
|
Endangered mammals
recorded (historically
and currently)
in habitats
|
Cambodia (4/4)
|
National Highway 4
|
Kirirom and Bokor NP
|
Asian Elephant,
Banteng,
Eld's Deer, Tiger, Pileated
Gibbon [1], [2]
|
|
Provincial Road
Network 76-141
|
Eastern Plains
Landscape*
|
Asian Elephant, Banteng,
Black-shanked Douc Langur,
Eld's Deer, Tiger,
Yellow
-cheeked Crested Gibbon [3]
|
|
National Road 48
|
Cardamom Mountains^
|
Asian Elephant,
Dhole,
Pileated Gibbon, Tiger [4]
|
Indonesia
|
|
|
|
Kalimantan (5/5)
|
Bontang-Sangata Road
|
Kutai NP
|
Banteng, Bornean
Orangutan, Bornean Gibbon [5], [6], [7]
|
|
Balikpapan-Samarinda
Road
|
Bukit Soeharto RF
|
Bornean Gibbon,
Sunda
Otter Civet [8],
[9]
|
|
Logging road
networks
|
Priority sites for
Orangutan conservation#
|
Banteng, Bornean
Orangutan
[10], [5]
|
Sumatra (7/8)
|
Sanggi-Bengkunat/Krui
Liwa Roads
|
Bukit Barisan
Selatan NP
|
Agile Gibbon, Asian
Elephant,
Asian Tapir, Siamang,
Sumatran Rhino, Tiger [11]
|
|
Blangkejeren-Kutacane
Road
|
Gunung Leuser NP
|
Asian Elephant, Sumatran
Orangutan, Sumatran
Rhino,
Tiger [12]
|
|
Logging road
networks
|
Tiger conservation
landscapes†
|
Asian Elephant,
Sumatran
Orangutan, Tiger [13], [14]
|
Lao PDR (3/3)
|
Route 9
|
Phou Xang He and
Dong Phou Vieng NBCAs
|
Asian Elephant, Douc
Langur,
Giant Muntjac, Tiger Cleetus
[15]
|
|
Route Network
12-1E-8
|
Nakai-Nam Theun NBCA
|
Asian Elephant, Dhole, Douc
Langur, Giant Muntjac,
Yellow-cheeked
Crested
Gibbon, Saola, Tiger [16],
[17]
|
|
Route Network 17A-3
|
Nam Ha NBCA
|
Asian Elephant,
Black-
crested Gibbon, Dhole,
Tiger [18], [19]
|
Malaysia
|
|
|
|
East (5/7)
|
Kalabakan-Sapulut
Road
|
FRs in Tawau and Pensiangan Districts
|
Asian Elephant,
Sumatran
Rhino [20],
[21]
|
|
Logging road
networks
|
FRs, Kelabit
highlands
|
Banteng, Bornean
Gibbon,
Sumatran Rhino [22]
|
|
Access roads for
dams
|
Murum, Danum and
Pileran Valleys
|
Bornean Gibbon [23]
|
Peninsular (7/9)
|
Federal Route 4
|
Royal Belum State
Park, Temengor FR
|
Asian Elephant,
Asian Tapir, Siamang, Sunda Pangolin,
Tiger, White-handed Gibbon
[24]
|
|
Federal Route 8
|
Taman Negara NP,
Titiwangsa Main Range
|
Asian Elephant,
Asian Tapir,
Dhole, Siamang, Sunda
Pangolin, Tiger, White-
handed Gibbon [25]
|
|
State Route T156
|
Tembat, Petuang and
Hulu Telemong FRs
|
Asian Elephant,
Asian
Tapir,
Dhole, Sunda Pangolin,
Tiger,
White-handed Gibbon [26]
|
Myanmar (1/3)
|
Wildlife trade route
network
|
All mammal habitats
in Myanmar
|
See Results
|
|
Roads in E, W and NW
sector
|
Alaungdaw Kathapa NP
|
Asian Elephant, Banteng,
Dhole, Tiger [27], [28]
|
|
Ledo road
|
Hukaung Valley WS
|
Tiger [29]
|
Vietnam (3/3)
|
Ho Chi Minh Highway
|
Protected areas§
|
Asian Elephant,
Delacour's
Langur, Northern White-
cheeked Gibbon, Red
-shanked Douc, Saola,[30],
[31]
|
|
Roads in banteng
habitats
|
Ea So, Yok Don and
Krong Trai NR, Vinh Cuu NP
|
Banteng [32]
|
|
Roads in
|
Cat Tien NP
|
Asian Elephant,
Javan Rhino
(hunted to extinction during
time of writing) [33], [34]
|
|
|
|
|
* Mondulkiri PF, Seima BCA, Lumphat, Snuol, Phnum Prech and
Phnum Namlier WS
^ Phnum Samkos and Phnum Aural WS, Central Cardamom PF
# Gunung Palung, Danau Sentarum/Bentung Kerihun, Tanjung
Puting, Belantikan, Gunung Gajah/Berau/Kelai, Sebangau
† Kerinci Seblat NP, Tesso Nilo and Bukit Tigapuluh
landscapes, Bukit Rambang Baling, Kuala Kampar-Kerumutan, Rimbo Panti-Batang
Gadu, proHUsed Senepis-Buluhala Tiger National Park
§ Cuc Phuong and Phong Nha-Ke Bang NP, Vu Quang NR
NOTE: BCA = Biodiversity Conservation Area; FR = Forest
Reserve; PA = Protected Area; PF = Protection Forest; NBCA = National
Biodiversity Conservation Area; NP = National Park; NS = Nature Reserve; RF =
Recreation Forest; WS = Wildlife Sanctuary
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